Blair, OK Natural Disasters and Weather Extremes
The chance of earthquake damage in Blair is lower than Oklahoma average and is much lower than the national average. The risk of tornado damage in Blair is lower than Oklahoma average and is much higher than the national average.
Earthquake Index, #509
Blair, OK | 0.03 |
Oklahoma | 0.31 |
U.S. | 1.81 |
The earthquake index value is calculated based on historical earthquake events data using USA.com algorithms. It is an indicator of the earthquake level in a region. A higher earthquake index value means a higher chance of an earthquake.
Volcano Index, #1
Blair, OK | 0.0000 |
Oklahoma | 0.0000 |
U.S. | 0.0023 |
The volcano index value is calculated based on the currently known volcanoes using USA.com algorithms. It is an indicator of the possibility of a region being affected by a possible volcano eruption. A higher volcano index value means a higher chance of being affected.
Tornado Index, #425
Blair, OK | 303.18 |
Oklahoma | 363.83 |
U.S. | 136.45 |
The tornado index value is calculated based on historical tornado events data using USA.com algorithms. It is an indicator of the tornado level in a region. A higher tornado index value means a higher chance of tornado events.
Other Weather Extremes Events
A total of 4,698 other weather extremes events within 50 miles of Blair, OK were recorded from 1950 to 2010. The following is a break down of these events:
Type | Count | Type | Count | Type | Count | Type | Count | Type | Count |
Avalanche: | 0 | Blizzard: | 1 | Cold: | 2 | Dense Fog: | 9 | Drought: | 18 |
Dust Storm: | 0 | Flood: | 123 | Hail: | 2,900 | Heat: | 7 | Heavy Snow: | 7 |
High Surf: | 0 | Hurricane: | 0 | Ice Storm: | 6 | Landslide: | 0 | Strong Wind: | 11 |
Thunderstorm Winds: | 1,522 | Tropical Storm: | 0 | Wildfire: | 2 | Winter Storm: | 8 | Winter Weather: | 5 |
Other: | 77 |
Volcanos Nearby
No volcano is found in or near Blair, OK.
Historical Earthquake Events
No historical earthquake events that had recorded magnitudes of 3.5 or above found in or near Blair, OK.
No historical earthquake events found in or near Blair, OK.
Historical Tornado Events
A total of 92 historical tornado events that had recorded magnitude of 2 or above found in or near Blair, OK.
Distance (miles) | Date | Magnitude | Start Lat/Log | End Lat/Log | Length | Width | Fatalities | Injuries | Property Damage | Crop Damage | Affected County |
0.9 | 1983-05-12 | 2 | 34°46'N / 99°20'W | 0.10 Mile | 50 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Jackson | |
2.0 | 1982-05-11 | 3 | 34°42'N / 99°16'W | 34°49'N / 99°21'W | 10.00 Miles | 700 Yards | 2 | 18 | 250K | 0 | Jackson |
4.9 | 1964-06-20 | 2 | 34°51'N / 99°21'W | 0 | 1 | 0K | 0 | Greer | |||
6.0 | 1957-04-22 | 2 | 34°52'N / 99°20'W | 0 | 0 | 3K | 0 | Greer | |||
6.9 | 1962-05-24 | 2 | 34°41'N / 99°22'W | 0 | 0 | 3K | 0 | Jackson | |||
8.2 | 1957-04-02 | 2 | 34°42'N / 99°14'W | 34°46'N / 99°10'W | 6.20 Miles | 150 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Jackson |
8.2 | 1983-05-12 | 2 | 34°51'N / 99°27'W | 0.10 Mile | 50 Yards | 0 | 0 | 3K | 0 | Greer | |
8.6 | 1977-05-20 | 3 | 34°39'N / 99°16'W | 34°46'N / 99°09'W | 10.40 Miles | 880 Yards | 0 | 3 | 2.5M | 0 | Jackson |
9.1 | 1965-04-07 | 2 | 34°54'N / 99°24'W | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Greer | |||
9.1 | 1957-04-02 | 2 | 34°38'N / 99°16'W | 34°42'N / 99°14'W | 5.20 Miles | 150 Yards | 0 | 1 | 25K | 0 | Jackson |
9.4 | 1982-05-11 | 3 | 34°37'N / 99°19'W | 34°41'N / 99°15'W | 4.00 Miles | 350 Yards | 0 | 41 | 250.0M | 0 | Jackson |
9.4 | 1961-04-23 | 2 | 34°41'N / 99°27'W | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Jackson | |||
9.6 | 1975-02-22 | 2 | 34°37'N / 99°21'W | 34°40'N / 99°17'W | 5.20 Miles | 100 Yards | 2 | 8 | 250K | 0 | Jackson |
9.7 | 1980-03-31 | 2 | 34°39'N / 99°16'W | 0.20 Mile | 10 Yards | 0 | 0 | 3K | 0 | Jackson | |
10.1 | 1980-05-29 | 2 | 34°38'N / 99°20'W | 0 | 0 | 2.5M | 0 | Jackson | |||
12.3 | 1950-04-28 | 3 | 34°53'N / 99°17'W | 35°00'N / 99°12'W | 9.40 Miles | 400 Yards | 1 | 1 | 250K | 0 | Kiowa |
13.0 | 1973-03-13 | 2 | 34°57'N / 99°24'W | 34°59'N / 99°20'W | 4.50 Miles | 100 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Greer |
13.4 | 1982-05-11 | 2 | 34°38'N / 99°30'W | 34°42'N / 99°33'W | 5.70 Miles | 150 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Jackson |
13.7 | 1962-05-24 | 2 | 34°35'N / 99°22'W | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Jackson | |||
15.2 | 1962-07-14 | 2 | 34°38'N / 99°08'W | 0 | 0 | 3K | 0 | Jackson | |||
15.2 | 1962-07-20 | 2 | 34°39'N / 99°33'W | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Jackson | |||
15.8 | 1969-07-25 | 2 | 34°34'N / 99°14'W | 0.80 Mile | 40 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Jackson | |
17.5 | 1958-11-17 | 2 | 34°34'N / 99°30'W | 1.00 Mile | 33 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Jackson | |
17.6 | 1982-05-11 | 3 | 34°58'N / 99°14'W | 35°04'N / 99°12'W | 7.00 Miles | 100 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Kiowa |
18.1 | 1965-05-06 | 2 | 34°53'N / 99°43'W | 34°58'N / 99°29'W | 14.40 Miles | 33 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Greer |
18.8 | 1960-06-07 | 3 | 34°31'N / 99°25'W | 0.80 Mile | 100 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Jackson | |
20.1 | 1958-11-17 | 2 | 34°29'N / 99°39'W | 34°40'N / 99°31'W | 14.80 Miles | 100 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Jackson |
20.5 | 1957-04-22 | 2 | 34°34'N / 99°35'W | 0 | 0 | 3K | 0 | Jackson | |||
20.6 | 1950-04-28 | 3 | 35°00'N / 99°12'W | 35°07'N / 99°12'W | 8.00 Miles | 400 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Kiowa |
21.2 | 1972-05-22 | 3 | 35°01'N / 99°40'W | 35°00'N / 99°30'W | 9.50 Miles | 100 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Greer |
22.1 | 1983-05-13 | 2 | 34°58'N / 99°01'W | 0.10 Mile | 50 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Kiowa | |
23.0 | 1975-02-22 | 2 | 34°40'N / 98°58'W | 34°43'N / 98°55'W | 4.50 Miles | 77 Yards | 1 | 2 | 250K | 0 | Kiowa |
23.3 | 1957-04-02 | 2 | 34°46'N / 99°10'W | 35°06'N / 98°46'W | 32.30 Miles | 150 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Kiowa |
24.0 | 1977-05-20 | 2 | 34°39'N / 98°57'W | 34°41'N / 98°55'W | 3.60 Miles | 100 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Kiowa |
24.4 | 1977-05-20 | 3 | 34°29'N / 99°06'W | 1.50 Miles | 200 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Tillman | |
25.3 | 1986-05-14 | 2 | 34°38'N / 98°57'W | 34°38'N / 98°54'W | 3.00 Miles | 500 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Kiowa |
26.1 | 1983-05-13 | 2 | 34°48'N / 99°49'W | 34°49'N / 99°46'W | 2.00 Miles | 500 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Harmon |
26.1 | 1950-04-28 | 3 | 35°07'N / 99°12'W | 35°10'N / 99°12'W | 3.40 Miles | 400 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Washita |
26.8 | 1982-05-11 | 2 | 35°08'N / 99°15'W | 35°12'N / 99°21'W | 7.00 Miles | 50 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Washita |
27.0 | 1951-06-07 | 2 | 34°30'N / 99°00'W | 0.50 Mile | 100 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Tillman | |
27.4 | 1983-05-13 | 2 | 34°45'N / 99°49'W | 34°48'N / 99°49'W | 3.00 Miles | 500 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Harmon |
27.7 | 1955-06-17 | 2 | 34°30'N / 98°59'W | 0.80 Mile | 440 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Tillman | |
27.9 | 1955-06-14 | 2 | 34°40'N / 98°57'W | 34°51'N / 98°44'W | 17.60 Miles | 500 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Kiowa |
29.0 | 1965-05-06 | 2 | 34°45'N / 99°58'W | 34°53'N / 99°43'W | 16.90 Miles | 33 Yards | 0 | 2 | 250K | 0 | Harmon |
29.0 | 1982-05-27 | 2 | 34°23'N / 99°11'W | 34°27'N / 98°58'W | 12.00 Miles | 300 Yards | 0 | 0 | 2.5M | 0 | Tillman |
29.3 | 1954-05-01 | 4 | 34°12'N / 99°11'W | 34°39'N / 98°55'W | 34.60 Miles | 440 Yards | 0 | 0 | 3K | 0 | Tillman |
29.9 | 1977-05-20 | 2 | 34°18'N / 99°17'W | 34°24'N / 99°15'W | 7.30 Miles | 33 Yards | 0 | 0 | 3K | 0 | Wilbarger |
32.2 | 1973-06-18 | 3 | 34°24'N / 99°01'W | 34°25'N / 98°58'W | 3.30 Miles | 50 Yards | 0 | 29 | 250K | 0 | Tillman |
32.3 | 1983-05-13 | 2 | 34°43'N / 99°59'W | 34°45'N / 99°49'W | 10.00 Miles | 500 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Harmon |
32.6 | 1968-05-06 | 2 | 34°52'N / 99°55'W | 34°55'N / 99°52'W | 4.70 Miles | 33 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Harmon |
33.2 | 1959-05-04 | 2 | 35°12'N / 99°31'W | 35°18'N / 99°24'W | 9.60 Miles | 200 Yards | 0 | 1 | 3K | 0 | Beckham |
33.3 | 1952-06-29 | 2 | 34°23'N / 99°00'W | 0 | 1 | 3K | 0 | Tillman | |||
33.4 | 1970-04-29 | 2 | 34°34'N / 99°25'W | 35°08'N / 98°05'W | 85.10 Miles | 250 Yards | 0 | 0 | 2.5M | 0 | Jackson |
34.1 | 1975-05-02 | 3 | 35°12'N / 99°05'W | 35°14'N / 99°01'W | 4.70 Miles | 150 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Washita |
36.4 | 1962-05-25 | 4 | 35°16'N / 99°12'W | 35°18'N / 99°05'W | 7.20 Miles | 250 Yards | 0 | 9 | 250K | 0 | Washita |
36.4 | 1950-05-04 | 2 | 35°15'N / 99°33'W | 35°19'N / 99°30'W | 5.60 Miles | 293 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Beckham |
36.4 | 1977-04-19 | 2 | 34°18'N / 99°04'W | 0.80 Mile | 200 Yards | 0 | 0 | 3K | 0 | Tillman | |
36.8 | 1973-06-18 | 2 | 35°01'N / 98°45'W | 0.50 Mile | 83 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Kiowa | |
36.9 | 2003-04-15 | 2 | 34°30'N / 99°55'W | 34°31'N / 99°52'W | 3.50 Miles | 350 Yards | 0 | 0 | 75K | 0 | Hardeman |
Brief Description: This tornado began in Hardeman County, Texas producing F2 damage before moving northeast and crossing the Red River at 1829 CST into extreme western Jackson County, Oklahoma then moving into Harmon County, Oklahoma where it dissipated. The tornado moved through a farm north of Williams, Texas causing significant damage. A hay barn, saddle shed, garage, shop, and chicken house were destroyed. The house was also damaged with broken windows, porch removed from the house, tree limbs driven through the north facing wall, and the east wall of the house separated by approximately an inch. | |||||||||||
37.0 | 1981-06-01 | 2 | 34°49'N / 100°02'W | 34°49'N / 99°56'W | 5.70 Miles | 50 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Collingsworth |
38.4 | 1965-04-04 | 2 | 35°17'N / 99°07'W | 35°19'N / 99°04'W | 3.60 Miles | 33 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Washita |
38.6 | 1973-06-18 | 2 | 34°25'N / 98°49'W | 0.50 Mile | 100 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Tillman | |
38.9 | 1954-05-01 | 2 | 34°15'N / 99°06'W | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Tillman | |||
40.1 | 1968-04-02 | 2 | 35°18'N / 99°39'W | 1.40 Miles | 33 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Beckham | |
40.2 | 1979-04-10 | 2 | 34°21'N / 98°54'W | 34°24'N / 98°45'W | 9.20 Miles | 120 Yards | 0 | 1 | 250K | 0 | Tillman |
40.2 | 1967-04-09 | 2 | 34°12'N / 99°16'W | 0.30 Mile | 300 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Wilbarger | |
40.7 | 1979-04-10 | 4 | 34°12'N / 99°09'W | 34°16'N / 98°59'W | 10.60 Miles | 880 Yards | 0 | 1 | 250K | 0 | Tillman |
41.1 | 1981-05-22 | 2 | 35°07'N / 98°45'W | 35°08'N / 98°44'W | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Kiowa | ||
41.8 | 1980-05-29 | 2 | 34°14'N / 99°28'W | 34°07'N / 99°17'W | 13.20 Miles | 100 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Wilbarger |
42.0 | 2001-10-09 | 3 | 35°17'N / 99°00'W | 35°21'N / 98°58'W | 6.00 Miles | 500 Yards | 0 | 9 | 100.0M | 0 | Washita |
Brief Description: C1. This tornado developed on the southwest side of Cordell, where a mobile home and metal warehouse were blown into a farmhouse. The tornado then moved through south, east and northeast portions of Cordell, including a business district and a large residential area. Most damage south of Main Street was rated F0 or F1. North of Main Street, the damage path widened to approximately 500 yards, with the tornado then inflicting widespread F1 to F2 damage up to 12th Street. Hundreds of homes were damaged in this area. As the tornado began to exit the northeast side of Cordell, F3 damage was sustained to several homes on 9th Street, just west of Crider Road. An F4 rating was considered; however, the structural integrity of most structures was at or below average, and was taken into consideration. Another interesting note is that several eye-witnesses reported that the tornado was widest and contained the most violent-looking winds at this time. The tornado eventually exited Cordell and dissipated 3.5 miles northeast of town. The Oklahoma State Emergency Management Office estimated that 477 single-family homes were damaged, 132 considered uninhabitable. In addition, 40 businesses were damaged, 22 considered uninhabitable. Damage was estimated near 100 million dollars, and nine injuries were reported. A major tornado outbreak occurred across western Oklahoma during the afternoon and early evening of October 9th. Nineteen tornadoes were confirmed, with three rated F3. The first F3 tornado developed in northeast Beckham County, near Elk City, and tracked northeastward for 11 miles before dissipating. As the tornado entered Custer County, a home of wood frame with brick exterior had most of its interior and exterior walls destroyed. The tornado then continued across an unpopulated area, causing major damage to trees and fences, before dissipating 2.5 miles west of Foss Dam. The second F3 tornado developed in Washita County, near Cordell. The Oklahoma State Emergency Management Office estimated that 477 single-family homes were damaged, 132 considered uninhabitable. In addition, 40 businesses were damaged, 22 considered uninhabitable. Damage was estimated near 100 million dollars, and nine injuries were reported. The last F3 tornado developed in Kiowa County and produced F3 damage soon after entering Washita County. Several vehicles and large pieces of farm equipment were tossed and destroyed. About 4 miles north-northeast of Mountain View, 3 homes suffered major damage, with one rated F3. As the tornado continued northeastward, F3 damage was inflicted on a farm, where a house and several barns and outbuildings were leveled. A 10,000 gallon diesel tank ended up in an open field about one-quarter mile away from its original position. For simplicity, the tornadoes that occurred on this day were identified by the supercell thunderstorm that produced them, beginning with A and ending with E. Each tornado was then given its own number. For example, the 3rd tornado produced by supercell thunderstorm A is called A3. In addition, some tornadoes tracked across multiple counties. | |||||||||||
42.5 | 1955-06-17 | 3 | 34°51'N / 100°13'W | 34°53'N / 99°56'W | 16.20 Miles | 67 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Collingsworth |
42.7 | 1962-04-26 | 3 | 35°20'N / 99°39'W | 35°22'N / 99°36'W | 3.60 Miles | 300 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Beckham |
42.8 | 2001-10-09 | 3 | 35°08'N / 98°47'W | 35°11'N / 98°41'W | 8.00 Miles | 440 Yards | 0 | 1 | 600K | 0 | Washita |
Brief Description: D2. Washita County portion. Extensive tree damage was observed from the Kiowa/Washita County border, northeastward to near State Highway 115, where the tornado leveled (rated F2) the Oakdale Schoolhouse, an old structure built in the 1920s. Across the street from the schoolhouse, a diesel shop was leveled, along with a barn, garage, and an unanchored wood-floor home. Several vehicles and large pieces of farm equipment were also tossed and destroyed. About 4 miles north-northeast of Mountain View, 3 homes suffered major damage, with one rated F3. As the tornado continued northeastward, F3 damage was inflicted on a farm, where a house and several barns and outbuildings were leveled. A 10,000 gallon diesel tank ended up in an open field about one-quarter mile away from its original position. A major tornado outbreak occurred across western Oklahoma during the afternoon and early evening of October 9th. Nineteen tornadoes were confirmed, with three rated F3. The first F3 tornado developed in northeast Beckham County, near Elk City, and tracked northeastward for 11 miles before dissipating. As the tornado entered Custer County, a home of wood frame with brick exterior had most of its interior and exterior walls destroyed. The tornado then continued across an unpopulated area, causing major damage to trees and fences, before dissipating 2.5 miles west of Foss Dam. The second F3 tornado developed in Washita County, near Cordell. The Oklahoma State Emergency Management Office estimated that 477 single-family homes were damaged, 132 considered uninhabitable. In addition, 40 businesses were damaged, 22 considered uninhabitable. Damage was estimated near 100 million dollars, and nine injuries were reported. The last F3 tornado developed in Kiowa County and produced F3 damage soon after entering Washita County. Several vehicles and large pieces of farm equipment were tossed and destroyed. About 4 miles north-northeast of Mountain View, 3 homes suffered major damage, with one rated F3. As the tornado continued northeastward, F3 damage was inflicted on a farm, where a house and several barns and outbuildings were leveled. A 10,000 gallon diesel tank ended up in an open field about one-quarter mile away from its original position. For simplicity, the tornadoes that occurred on this day were identified by the supercell thunderstorm that produced them, beginning with A and ending with E. Each tornado was then given its own number. For example, the 3rd tornado produced by supercell thunderstorm A is called A3. In addition, some tornadoes tracked across multiple counties. | |||||||||||
43.1 | 1958-11-17 | 3 | 34°17'N / 99°24'W | 34°21'N / 98°15'W | 65.80 Miles | 50 Yards | 0 | 4 | 0K | 0 | Cotton |
43.7 | 1962-06-05 | 2 | 34°09'N / 99°16'W | 1.00 Mile | 50 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Wilbarger | |
43.7 | 1992-06-07 | 2 | 34°09'N / 99°16'W | 1.00 Mile | 100 Yards | 0 | 5 | 2.5M | 0 | Wilbarger | |
44.6 | 1970-08-18 | 2 | 34°20'N / 99°54'W | 0.80 Mile | 440 Yards | 0 | 1 | 25K | 0 | Hardeman | |
44.6 | 1954-05-01 | 4 | 34°04'N / 99°28'W | 34°12'N / 99°11'W | 18.60 Miles | 267 Yards | 0 | 2 | 250K | 0 | Wilbarger |
45.0 | 1981-05-22 | 2 | 35°19'N / 99°00'W | 35°24'N / 98°56'W | 6.90 Miles | 200 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Washita |
45.5 | 1982-05-16 | 2 | 35°26'N / 99°26'W | 0.50 Mile | 50 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Beckham | |
45.8 | 1968-05-16 | 3 | 34°07'N / 99°20'W | 2.00 Miles | 23 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Wilbarger | |
45.8 | 1979-04-10 | 4 | 34°02'N / 99°28'W | 34°12'N / 99°09'W | 21.50 Miles | 880 Yards | 11 | 67 | 25.0M | 0 | Wilbarger |
45.9 | 1965-06-03 | 3 | 34°51'N / 100°12'W | 34°55'N / 100°04'W | 8.80 Miles | 33 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Collingsworth |
46.5 | 1981-05-22 | 2 | 35°08'N / 98°44'W | 35°15'N / 98°38'W | 9.80 Miles | 33 Yards | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Washita |
46.5 | 1955-04-26 | 2 | 35°05'N / 98°36'W | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Caddo | |||
46.9 | 1957-05-22 | 2 | 35°06'N / 98°45'W | 35°15'N / 98°34'W | 14.70 Miles | 33 Yards | 0 | 0 | 25K | 0 | Kiowa |
47.0 | 1957-04-22 | 3 | 35°06'N / 98°36'W | 1.00 Mile | 200 Yards | 0 | 1 | 250K | 0 | Caddo | |
48.5 | 1977-05-16 | 3 | 35°25'N / 99°43'W | 35°27'N / 99°35'W | 7.90 Miles | 33 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Roger Mills |
48.6 | 1977-05-16 | 3 | 35°20'N / 99°52'W | 35°25'N / 99°43'W | 10.30 Miles | 1320 Yards | 0 | 0 | 250K | 0 | Beckham |
48.7 | 1960-05-23 | 2 | 35°06'N / 98°34'W | 0 | 1 | 25K | 0 | Caddo | |||
48.7 | 1987-02-14 | 2 | 34°44'N / 98°30'W | 34°46'N / 98°27'W | 3.50 Miles | 200 Yards | 0 | 1 | 2.5M | 0 | Comanche |
49.5 | 1960-05-23 | 2 | 35°06'N / 98°33'W | 0 | 0 | 0K | 0 | Caddo |
* The information on this page is based on the global volcano database, the U.S. earthquake database of 1638-1985, and the U.S. Tornado and Weather Extremes database of 1950-2010.